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COLONIAL PERIOD |
By BRUCE
Visit (1265 times)
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Once Tenochtitlan was submitted, Hernán Cortés took office as captain general of New Spain. In 1527 he established the México. Hearing was the first Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza and Pacheco 1535. ruled from New Spain was ruled by viceroys 63 for almost 300 years of Spanish rule. Spanish domination faced indigenous resistance, manifested at times by way of arms, as Chichimeca War (1546), Mixtón War (1540-1551), Pericúes Rebellion (1734-1737) and the rebellion of the Maya Cisteil (1761)
The base of the economy of New Spain was mining. However, the discovery of new deposits from Sonora to the south of the province of the United States, New Spain allowed gradually to occupy a privileged position. Mining allowed the development of other related activities, especially the textile mills and agriculture, that turned Bajio regions and valleys of Mexico and Puebla in prosperous agricultural regions and industrial activity incipiente.
Viceroyalty trade was conducted through two ports: Veracruz (Gulf of Mexico) and Acapulco (Pacific Ocean). In the latter came the China Ship carrying products from the Philippines to New Spain and from there were transported by land, arriving at Puebla, where the Oriental influence is evident in their craft and their traditions as the "china Puebla" , the City of Mexico and Veracruz from which was sent to Spain or the Atlantic ports. Contributed to the flourishing trade of these ports, Mexico City and temperate regions. It should be noted that until the late eighteenth century with the introduction of the Bourbon reforms, trade between the Spanish viceroys was not permitido. The bishop of the city of Monterrey, built during the viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of León.
The viceroyalty was the basis of cultural and racial mosaic of modern Mexico. At its heart are fused along the 300-year indigenous and European cultures. Also, there was a lot of racial mixing. Figures such as Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz and Juan Ruiz de Alarcón out as his most notable contributors to the literature novo Hispanic and Manuel Tolsá in architecture. On financial institutions said Pedro Romero de Terreros, founder of the Holy and Royal Monte de Piedad de Animas, history of Nacional Monte de Piedad (also called Monte Pio), genesis of microcredit worldwide. Chemical findings also highlight the Andrés Manuel del Río, discoverer of Eritronio, later renamed Vanadium in the periodic table of elements químicos. Guadalajara, during the viceroyalty was the capital of Nueva Galicia.
Hispanic novo society mostly professed Catholicism, the Holy Inquisition, which sought the removal of indigenous idolatry, had installed its offices in the territorio. The territory of New Spain was large enough so that in him there was a many indigenous peoples and a variety of languages, not excluding Europe. During the three hundred years of New Spain had different laws affecting trade and the prosperity of New Spain. In general level of prosperity was the highest in America, especially the residents of municipalities of Mexico, Puebla de los Angeles, the Villa Rica de la Veracruz, Acapulco and Zacatecas. Although generally proposed a integration policy, the political reality imposed by the granting of important posts to the Spanish bureaucracy (especially since the arrival of the Bourbons, who advocated the French model of colonization, against which the Creole or Spanish children born in Mexico began to suffer). You can set up divisions as serious as those in Yucatán. During the colonial period were generated many of the traditions and institutions that have evolved in accordance with the character of the Mexican people, many of today's Mexican characteristics.
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Visits: 1265 times |
Join Date: January, 5th 2011 |
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