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CONTEMPORARY MEXICO |
By BRUCE
Visit (1058 times)
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Carranza was succeeded by members of Sonora, among which was not without discord. In 1924 he came to power Plutarco Elias Calles created the Bank of Mexico and faced the Christ War. At the end of his term Alvaro Obregon was elected for the second time as president but was assassinated. The periods of the three presidents that followed are known as Maximato, because governed under the line of Calles, who was called Jefe Maximo of the Revolution. In 1929 he founded the National Revolutionary Party (PNR), predecessor of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). In 1934 he was elected President Lazaro Cardenas del Rio for the first six-year period (1934-1940). Cardenas exiled Calles, promoting education, agrarian reform and decreed the nationalization of oil. His successor, Manuel Avila Camacho, stopped the distribution of land, reconciled with the emerging industrial bourgeoisie and faced the beginning of World War II.
During the 1950's, Mexico experienced a period of great economic development known as the Mexican Miracle. This development was favored by the environment of the recovery in the context of the war. In 1960 the electricity industry was nationalized. Economic development is reflected in the increase in infrastructure and public services and social protection. As a result of strengthening the state, developed a series of corporate patronage associated with the government that led to conflict with independent organizations. This happened during the strike of railway workers in 1959. The demand for greater political freedoms expressed in various ways, most notably by the student movement of 1968, which ended with the killing of students by the army in Tlatelolco, and the guerrilla groups appeared in various parts of the country and were suppressed violently by the state.
At the end of the decade of 1970, the Mexican economy showed signs of exhaustion that led to bankruptcy at the beginning of the next decade, in the context of an oil boom. As a result of opposition pressure, in 1977 introduced a political reform that legalized the leftist opposition. During the following years, most parastatals were privatized. In 1985, several central and western parts of the country were shaken by an earthquake that left thousands dead and missing, mostly in the capital. During the government of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994), Mexico experienced an economic recovery based on the privatization of state enterprises and opening to foreign investment. In 1994, when NAFTA came into force, the Zapatista uprising and the assassination of Luis Donaldo Colosio and Jose Francisco Ruiz Massieu shook the political scene in Mexico. The economy entered a recession known as the December Mistake, located as the first crisis globalización.
In 2000 the PRI lost the presidency after years in power, when Vicente Fox won the presidential election. He was succeeded by Felipe Calderón government, which took office amid the disputed presidential election of 2006. In 2007 he started the drug war that has left nearly 30 people dead until 2010.
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Join Date: January, 5th 2011 |
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