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PRE-COLOMBIAN ERA |
By BRUCE
Visit (1092 times)
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The current territory of Mexico was discovered and inhabited by groups of hunters and gatherers for more than 30 000 years. Around the year 9000 a. C. processes developed that led to the domestication of plants such as squash and huaje25 in regions such as the Tehuacán Valley and the Sierra de Tamaulipas. Maize domestication occurred around the fifth millennium before the Common Era and was a milestone that then led to the establishment of sedentary villages Mesoamérica.26
The inhabitants of the region known as the Arid continued their nomadic culture, but maintained contact with the Mesoamerican. Some sites show continuous occupation since ancient times, as de la Perra Cave (12000 BC) 27 Cueva de la Candelaria (8000 BC), 28 The Conchalito29 and caves in the Sierra de San Francisco (Lower California Sur).
The beginning of Mesoamerican civilization is among the year 2500 a. C., with the appearance of pottery and the first villages agrícolas.30 and 1500 a. C.31 During the Middle Preclassic (XIV-IV BC) Olmec culture spread throughout Mesoamérica.32 Some of its major centers were La Venta, Tres Zapotes and Teopantecuanitlán. that was the most important Olmec ceremonial center. Olmec after sunset there was a simultaneous flowering of several villages. After the decline of the Olmecs flourished in the tradition of the shaft tombs in the West, 33 epiolmeca culture in the Gulf and developed the Long Count.
Occurs around the second century Mesoamerican Classic Period (ss. II-VI/VIII). In this period is the height of Teotihuacan34 and Maya states. The first controlled trade in central Mexico and was allied with the likes of Monte Alban. Mesoamerican civilization will spread north to sites in the desert as La Quemada, and contributed to the development of the peoples of Oasisamérica, as testifies the ancient city of Paquimé.
After the decline of Teotihuacan and the Mayan cities flourished several regional powers vying lordships. Between X and XII centuries, emerge-Xicocotitlan Tollan, the Toltec capital. Toltec influence contributed to the flourishing of the Maya, Mixtec, and other peoples in Mesoamerica. His role as political and cultural power was occupied by the Aztecs, who founded Mexico-Tenochtitlan in 1325. From that dominated the largest city that met State Mesoamerica, it was conquered by the Spanish in 1521.
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Join Date: January, 5th 2011 |
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