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XIX CENTURY |
By BRUCE
Visit (1082 times)
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Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, president of Mexico in the Nineteenth Century
After the signing of the Treaty of Cordoba was installed an interim government that ran until the coronation of Agustin de Iturbide as emperador. The economic and political situation of the Empire was weak and led to the proclamation of the Plan of Casa Mata, which the establishment planteba of a republic. Republican insurrection triumphed in 1823, causing the exile of Iturbide and the separation of America Central.
The Constituent Congress enacted the 1824 Constitution, establishing a federal republican regime in the country. The first president was Guadalupe Victoria. From Victoria's government, the country had a troubled political life due to the clash of different factions. The central character throughout the first half of the nineteenth century was Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Came to power eleven times, five of them as liberal and the other six as a conservative.
Valentín Gómez Farías in 1833 ordered a series of reforms that led liberales conservative reaction and the installation of a centralized republic. The enactment of the Seven in 1835 led to separatist movements in several departments, all repressed except in Texas, which accomplished its independence in 1836. In 1841 Mexico's Yucatan separated and did not return to the country until 1848.
Mexico faced the U.S. invasion between 1846 and 1848, as a result of the territorial claims of Texas, which was annexed to the United States. In the midst of war, the Federalists reinstated the 1824 Constitution. At the end of the conflict, the Mexican government was forced to sign the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo which gave more than half the country Unidos. States After the war, continued fighting between political factions, which led to the arrival for the eleventh and final time of Santa Anna to power (1853-1855), who exercised dictatorial basis. In 1854 the Liberals took up arms under Juan Álvarez. The insurrection overthrew Santa Anna and installed the Liberals in gobierno.
The enactment of Law Reform, a liberal, affected the interests of various groups, particularly the Church. In 1857 he promulgated the new Mexican Constitution. Among other things, the paper established a state in Mexico laico. After the coup d'état of Ignacio Comonfort, Benito Juarez became president. Then started the Reform War that ended with another defeat of conservadores. Beginning next year, they would try again to seize power, supported by the French intervention Second Mexican Empire created, headed by Maximilian of Habsburg. The French invasion and the rule ended in 1867 with the surrender of the conservatives and the execution of Maximilian in Santiago de Querétaro.
Juárez continued as president until his death in 1872. The last years of his administration were heavily criticized by the various factions was succeeded by liberales. Juárez Lerdo de Tejada, branded a Jacobin. After a rebellion provoked by the intentions of Lerdo's reelection, Porfirio Díaz became president in 1876. Thus began the Porfiriato. During this period, foreign and domestic investment was blessed with great privileges by the government, which favored economic development. In contrast the living conditions of workers and peasants continued without major changes. Political opposition was eliminated by force, and the rebels were exiled or forced to work in places like Valley National Yaqui River Valley or Yucatán.
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Visits: 1082 times |
Join Date: January, 5th 2011 |
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